2020 Energy Code: Start by Properly Zoning the Lighting
Before selecting sensors and automation, determine which zones will be controlled, by what, and from where.
On a lighting project, automation often gets all the attention: motion sensors, photocontrols, dimming, and programmed schedules. Yet the first decision is much more fundamental: how will the lighting be divided into zones and controlled?
When this question is settled too late, a simple decision on the plans can turn into circuit changes, control relocations, or reprogramming on site. Proper zoning from the design stage helps create an installation that is clearer, easier to implement, and better prepared for energy-saving strategies.
A requirement now in force in Quebec
The update to Chapter I.1, Building Energy Efficiency, of the Quebec Construction Code came into force on July 13, 2024. It adopts the 2020 National Energy Code for Buildings, as amended for Quebec. Following the transition period, any building whose construction began after January 12, 2025, must comply with this version.
The requirements apply in particular to new construction and additions to commercial, institutional, and industrial buildings. Certain categories of residential buildings are also covered. According to the overview published by the RBQ, renovation, maintenance, and repair work is generally not subject to this chapter.
Four decisions to make before laying out the circuits
Identify the space type
Open office, warehouse, workshop, corridor, meeting room, or sales area: the actual use determines which controls apply.
Measure the controlled area
The area of the space determines the maximum size of the areas that each manual control can serve.
Group the luminaires
The boundaries shown on the plans must match the luminaires and circuits that will operate together on site.
Locate the controls
The control must be readily accessible and allow the occupant to see the lighting it controls, subject to the applicable exceptions.
Area limits to keep in mind
Article 4.2.2.1 of the 2020 NECB, as amended, requires at least one manual control device for each space type. This control must be capable of controlling all lighting within the area concerned.
Controls should normally be located in an accessible place from which occupants can see the lighting they control. A control may be installed remotely for safety reasons, but it must then include an indicator light and a clear label identifying the lighting controlled.
Real-world example: a 900 m² open area
Consider a 30 m by 30 m commercial or industrial area. Its total area is 900 m². Since the space is 1,000 m² or less, no controlled area may exceed 250 m².
Four equal zones meet the limit, but they are not automatically the best layout. In a warehouse, zones might instead follow receiving, order picking, storage aisles, and shipping. In an office, they might correspond to teams, enclosed rooms, circulation areas, and perimeter areas with natural light.
What the plans should show clearly
Three mistakes that cost time on site
Defining zones after the circuits
The circuits may then need to be split or reorganized, increasing rework and complicating coordination.
Dividing zones based on floor area alone
The layout must also account for actual use, traffic flow, partitions, and occupancy schedules.
Choosing sensors before defining the sequence
First, determine what turns on, at what level, and for how long. Then choose the right sensor.
Next: choosing the right control strategy
In Part 2, we’ll look at manual-on switching, partial automatic-on switching, bi-level control, and automatic shutoff when a space is unoccupied.
Official sources
- Quebec Construction Code, Chapter I.1, and amended NECB 2020
- RBQ - Overview of regulations for buildings other than small residential buildings
This article provides a general summary for informational purposes. Requirements, exceptions, and conditions specific to each project should be verified with the relevant professionals and authorities.
